Buchan, Kelly » 2022-23 School Year

2022-23 School Year

Welcome Mustangs!

This is my nineteenth year as a social studies teacher and year fourteen as a Mustang. Previously, I spent five great years at Bernardo Yorba Middle School.

This year I will be teaching world and AP European history. Also, I will be the coach of our Academic Decathlon team.

Parents AND Students! Please sign up for my text service through Remind.com I will send texts with historical information that can be beneficial. See website for information. Additionally, all students need to sign up for google classroom. I'll post many things w/in it that you will be responsible for. Glad to have you and I'm very excited to be with you for the year!
 
Be sure that you monitor google classroom.  
 
El Dorado High School 1997
UCSB 2001


 

Posts

Reading Help

Revolution! VIOLENT revolution of the bourgeoise govt.
 
Revisionism is the term used to describe those who might "revise" the ideas of
 
Marx for VIOLENT overthrow of the gov. We knw that marx wanted overthrow
 
because to him, the elected parliaments were tools of the bourgeoisie.
 
HOWEVER....as reforms happened in eng and in Germ, things got a BIT better.
 
The expansion of franchise, reform socialists would argue, leads to the better
 
'lives of the people. This is "revising" the claim of Marx that change could only come through rev. Edouard Bernstein is a proponent of this and a figure who calls for the expansion of the franchise. 
 
Lenin....Lenin will join the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labor
 
Party(whew. RSDLP) TWO big factions will be created in this party. The
 
Bolsheviks (which means "majority") led by Lenin and then the Menshiviks
 
(which means minority party) Lenin and trotsky grow to dislike each other w the
 
latter calling the former "robespierre!" Lenin wanted a professional group of
 
revolutionaries, not just guys who would come out to meetings. REAL
 
revolutionaries who would guide and lead the people. He felt that only ONE
 
person or a small group of Party members could lead the rev. Menshiviks
believed in original marxism where industrialized, capitalistic, middle class driven country would be ready for Rev. Russia, they knew, was backward, not ready. They split w lenin. they'll hate each other. 
 
****Lenin leads the Bolsheviks. They will become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. the Menshiviks will disappear. 
 

Themes

2nd ind rev transformed europe's economy. New social programs were instituted
 
to help those who were negatively effected by it. Growth of socialist groups to
 
combat the difficulty that many working class people faced. LOTS of folks' moved
 
into middle class but there are always those left behind. Marxist still wanted to
 
overthrow the govt, capitalism COULD NOT be sustained. However, REFORM
 
SOCIALISTS said that VOTING and expansion of the franchise (right to vote)
 
would bring changes. Remember! marxist thought parliaments were bourgeois
 
institutions. ANARCHISTS hated ALL govt. 
 
SYNDICALISTS, which were trade union people (people who'd formed unions based on their skill, like a guild) They wanted to raise wages and work conditions. White collar unions grew, too. 
 
---REMEMBER. It'll be Germany that will provide social security to it's workers. Not France. NOt England. +
 
**The Socialist First International Workingmens Association was founded in liberal London in 1864. Marx emerged as a key player. Revolution was imminent, he believed. Marx was radical. French reps were anarchists and English and German reps were moderate and wanted basic reforms. 
 
*********************************************KEY!!!!!!! SOCIALISTS WERE "internationalist!" While "nationalists" only cared about their nation. 

Anarchist V Marx

Anarchists HATE the STATE. all elements of it. it oppresses people. Marxists believe that the bourgeoisie control the state and either A. violent overthrow will create A NEW GOVT (paris commune???) or MAYBE, in some states like the USA, england, and dutch rep, the people could technically vote socialists in.
 
Paris commune is very unique. Anarchists claim it's theirs while radical Marxists say it's all them. It IS confusing. Here are some arguments both ways. 
 
A. First. Leader, main thinker of radical socialism is the Karl Marx. What he saw
 
in Paris was the OVERTHROW of a bourgeoisie system (actually, nap 3's
 
empire) and the replacement of it w a new govt. A govt run by the people
 
working together.  B. Anarchists- A main figure is Mikhail Bakunin, a Russian.
 
BTW...Marx and Bakunin HATE Each other! For Bakunin, the Commune was
 
example of small, communal societies working together. NO cent govt. Small
 
shopkeepers working w other people. In anarchy, people are free to enter into
 
any sort of working association they want. To them, the STATE creates all of the
 
problems. Very libertarian. 
 
While Marx was all about the industrialized Working Class in the city revolting, Bakunin believed that the VAST majority of poor peasants in the countryside should lead revolt and WOULD lead it. Marx called BAKUNIN anarchism "petty bourgeoisie" meaning the small business owner, shop keeper whereas marx believed in the END of all private business. interesting buys. 

UPDATED FEB CALENDAR

LOTS of reading, guys. We have a TON of things to cover coming up. A holiday and a few days of CAHSEE testing really make things move. I'll have an OPTIONAL Extra credit opportunity to do some of your reading at lunch. See calendar. Also, i'll facilitate a study session/EXTRA Credit opportunity soon. Keep working hard, we are ALMOST there! DBQ ASSESSMENT IN MARCH!!

Goodbye Austrian Emp. HELLO Austro-Hungarian Emp

REview: Grossdeutsch-Prussia and Austria AND the rest of the German states.
Kleindeutsch-Prussia at the head of the Germany. This is what happens.
 
Prussia and Austria go to war over the issue of Schleiswig-Holstein. The
 
Northern German states unite w Prussia. Bismark orchestrates the whole thing.
 
He speak w/Russia. He'll help them squash rebellious Poles. Also....Russia is
 
SUPER annoyed w Austria due to it's lack of support in the Crimean war
 
(Typically, Russia and austria, as the two preeminent absolutist central/eastern
 
powers help each other out.) Russia says "nope." Also, Bismarck tells the
 
Italian that he'll ensure they get Austrian controlled Venice w/in Italy if they help.
 
THIS, TOO will help w furthering Italian unification. REALPOLITIK! It all goes
 
down and Austria is crushed! 
 
This will mark the end of the Austrian Empire and the creation of the Austro
 
Hungarian Empire. Remember, austria was SUPER diverse. The hungarian
 
(the hungarian nobles were Magyars, REMEMBER?!) had vied for
 
independence for along time (1848, Louis Kossuth but w help from
 
Russia,squashed it.) After Austria's defeat in Austro-Prussian war they knew
 
they had to allow the Hungarians a certain amount of independence in order to
 
REMAIN a great power. Prussia REALLY beat them and emerged as the
 
GREAT GERMANICE power and a GREAT Power in Europe. So....to remain
 
important, they let Hungary become essentially independent w'in a
 
DUAL(austrian emperor would be king of both austria and hungary but hungary
 
would have it's own govt.) monarchy. AUSGLEICH!! aka compromise of 1867. it
 
established this dual monarchy

Italy Unified! "GERMANY" happening.

1860-Italian states are voting to unify w Piedmont! things in "italy" r starting to come together! Romantic G Garibaldi took 1k of his red shirts and captured much of the south. Cavour nervous about this so he send Piedmont troops to slow him down. On the way down there, the Piedmont soldiers conquer the Papal states, NOT ROME. The French were protecting the Pope. A united Italy is what garibaldi wanted and a UNITED ITALY under a monarchy would win the day. ------Victor emmanuel the king of italy 
 
The new state faced lots of  issues. folks' in the south thought they'd been
 
conquered; they resented that as did the religious people in the Papal states.
 
The south was WAY different then the north. It was poor, uneducated, rural.
 
Land owners and peasants V. urban, working class in the north. They thought
 
that the north only wanted to unite to force them to pay taxes and enlist their
 
sons into an army. THE NEW GOVT WOULD BE SUPER CORRUPT (an issue
 
that will have consequences in a few weeks. "Transformiso" was bribery, etc. )  
 
Two places remained "un redeemed. Venice (controlled by Austria) and Rome
 
which was guarded by French soldiers. PRUSSIA(!!) will solve this problem.
 
SPOILER*************Prussia & austria go to war in 1866. Italy ally's w Prussia.
 
Prussia wins italy gets Venice. THEN!! PRUSSIA AND FRANCE (this will BE
 
HUGE WITH THE NEXT FEW WEEKS!!) go to war. French soldiers abandon
 
Rome to go and help. Italian soldiers occupy Rome. It's all over!
 
GERMANY!! Bismark wil emerge as the key guy. Industrialization. GOOD. The
 
Rhineland and then later the Ruhr(which France controls.....might be useful)
 
Germany will be created as Kleindeutsch, small germany. PRUSSIA will lead it.
 
Austria was too ethnic and catholic anyway. 
 
---Fighting the Danes(denmark) schleiswig-Holstein. Two regions. they belong
 
essentially to the danes. Holstein was part of Germ confederation. "Let's add
 
them" said denmark. G. Confederation said, "HECK NO!" Prussia and austria
 
fight together against denmark and win. Bismark was seen as a hero. THEN
 
he'll get Prussia to fight against Austria. PRUSSIA WINS!!(1866) also...italy
 
ally's w prussia and in return will get venice from loser austria. Northern
 
German confederation created in 1867, led by Prussia(lots of german states
 
joining the winning Prussia!) All states were semi independent but their armies
 
became N. German Conf army. The Chancellor would be Bismark, the prez
 
would be the King of Prussia. A REICHStag would be chosen by universal male
 
suffrage. All good w the voting 'cuz bismark knew that peasants, who now could
 
vote if they were male, almost always went w the conservatives(monarchy!) It
 
had little power anyway. GERMANY WOULD BE A MILITARY MONARCHY!! BTW....The Prussian kings were the Hohenzollerns. Bismark will now mess w France! (realpolitik about to happen!)

Unification!!

italy will unify! 
Germany will unify!
 
Nationalism was the driving force that created both of these states. However, it
 
won't be the nationalistic spirit of Mazzini (for Italy) or the Frankfurt Assembly
 
(germanic states). ----Italy! It'll be united under the House of Savoy which ruled
 
Piedmont-Sardinia. King Victor emmanuel(there is a really cool monument to
 
him in Rome today) of Piedmont-Sardinia was driven to EXPAND. He was
 
greatly influenced by Camilo Cavour. He's a liberal but not in the radical,
 
nationalistic sense. He's in favor of a united Italy w/ a constitutional monarch.
 
That'll be what they'll ultimately get. (cavour is a rich business guy,keep this in
 
mind) ***countering cavour is romantic nationalist mazzini. he wanted a republic
 
and hated monarchy. "....he embraced unification as a moral force that would
 
educate and uplift the peoples of Italy." This would create a common faith. THE
 
PEOPLE had to want it. Piedmont Sardinia couldn't give it to them. However,
 
Mazzini's italy will not be born. It'll be Cavours. They'd need help against austria
 
and that will come from Nap III and france.France and Piedmont Sardinia will
 
fight austria (nap iii is very machiavellian in this!-Remember, Austria is
 
Germanic. SO IS PRUSSIA!!-----------------ITalian unification will greatly influence German nationalists who want a united germany. 
 
PRUSSIA IS AN ARMY W A COUNTRY!
GERMANY!!! Frederick william iV (gutter guy) DEAD. his brother, William I now in charge. 1848 scared the junkers, the nobility. Also, the upper classes
 
nervous. These guys in power did not want to give any power up, they were
 
scared of nationalism based on revolution. Also...Prussia or Austria (Klein V.
 
Grosse) as who would lead "Germany."  Prussia is very strong though. military,
 
$$ (zolverein whereas austria not allowed) It's Protestant and they all speak
 
german (in prussia) Catholic austria, a mess. Prussia. Great shape. Prussian
 
parliament works ( you can vote if you have $$:)and William I allowed for elections(if..you had $$) . Pan Germanism spreading 
MORE TO COME> 

sample dbq-sports

this has three example. one that earned a"9" a "5 or 6" and a "3". it'll explain why they received each. remember, we are only working on basic structure now. the 1-6 point. we'll work on extended later. 

dbq sample and POV help

Hi guys,  attached is the file for the dbq that i told you about relating to sports. Its OK that we don't know a lot this material. However, we always look at the historical background and THEN THE PROMPT. After this, we choose half plus one of the docs. The docs on this sample are not going to look like what we'll be using or what you'd see on the test. However, they work fine all the same. We (we'll go over this in class) always group the docs we'll use into three groups, or buckets. I like to organize them according to the acronym "PERSIA" Political, econ, religious, social, intellectual, art. organize the docs and choose three buckets that best answer the prompt. Perhaps three work well w/ "political" three work well w "social" and two or three work well w "intellectual." 
 
Point of View aka POV is one of the MOST IMPORTANT aspects of the DBQ. you'll see it next year, too. We will go over that.  However, three things you always look at when identifying POV is an authors "reliability" "bias" and "tone." Documents ARE NOT facts. they are, for the most part "a point of view!" 
 
use docs to  help you respond to the prompt!
 

Some Tips-Rev of 1848 aka "Spring of Nations"

"Pan Germanism"  Basically calls for the creation of ONE Germany. 
 
WHY? Crop failures, demand for MORE democracy(not republicanism), NATIONALISM!, More freedom of press, poor leadership, and working class demands. Also.....they'll be inspired by the unrest in France. King Louis Philippe, King of French, abdicates in 1848
 
-After Napoleon exiled the HRE will permanently be done. The German
 
Confederation will be created instead w Austria really at the head. 
 
---Ok, let's review some things that ultimately will lead to the German states at
some point creating a GERMANY. Oct 1517, luther and 95 theses. Oct 1817,
 
Karl Sand leads college kids and the student  led group Burshchenshaften to
 
celebrate 300th anniversary of Luther(a REAL German). they did this at Wartburg Castle (where
 
luther hid out from the Catholic Church) There, they burn books (1817,
 
interesting....burning books in "Germany") These books were from PRO
 
Conservative authors. Sand wants a united Germany. He's liberal, a romantic and proud of Germany. He'll murder a
 
conservative and be executed for it. These kids want a UNITED Germany. First,
 
foremost. 
 
---The Zollverein will be a free trade organization that will make trade between german states (w the exception of poor Austria!) easier. Prussia will be strengthened. 
 
1848- Rev breaks out in three major "german states" (and throughout much of
 
Europe) Bavaria, austria, and Prussia. We'll discuss this in lecture. 
 
---Prussia will slowly begin to industrialize. There guilds and workers are hurt by the industrialization of england who sells their goods to "german" states.

Updated January Calendar

I'll put some tips on the site on Sunday and new calendar for Feb mid week next week. It'll (should be) be on the SECOND page. 
 
Let's go!!