A "diet" is like a congress, a meeting of officials. "Worms" (pronounced in German Verms) is a city in "Germany". (Sounds like a literal diet of eating worms!) He wanted luthher to stop talking because Luther was gaining a following. Part of the "danger" was that the German princes of the HRE would follow Luther, break away from The Catholic Church. Squash him now to avoid problems. The pope wanted him burned at the stake but HRE emperor Charles 5th(first of Spain) promised that no one would be executed in HRE w or a hearing. He promised Luther a hearing. Charles was a loyal Catholic but he feared what could happen to the hre(remember, it's basically "Germany) if he allowed Luther, who was essentially "German" to been executed. Would this break the empire up??(actually, what'll happen is that warfare WILL breakout in the empire.) the NORTH will follow Luther and other Protestants sects, while southern europe(this is true w where we're in class----north AlMoST all Protestant whereas the SOuTH of Euro always Catholic.)

 

Luther will confess that he challenged the pope BUt he challenged based in his knowledge of the bible. He was escorted out by his friends((he was now too popular to arrest) went into hiding AND translated Bible into German!! Before, bible was only in Latin. NOW!!! The laity who could read could read it in their native language, German. Remember, Luther believes in a "priesthood of all believers." You don't need to be a priest to lead folks in worship of God. 

 

Regarding John Calvin (or Jean Calvin) he was from France BUT moves to Switzerland. From here, he'll create his own sect of Protestantism. It's VERY strict. Plain dress, no songs(accept for religious) no dancing, no gambling, basically NO VICES! It hated the idea of the Catholic Church. They thought the Pope was terrible. Essentially, men like Calvin and his followers disliked the idea of ONE person determining spiritual and scriptural ideas. Keeping things local and decentralized is the key. Utlimately, these ideas will go to France. The French Calvinists will call themselves Huegenots. The NOBILITY(!!) will follow the ideas of Calvin. THINK!! The Pope, was essentially the king of catholicism with all issues centralized in Rome. The king of France was the King of ALL french. He centralized all authority to himself. REMEMBER! The nobility and those in the more rural areas will ALWAYS challenge a strong, centralized authority. Calvinism will also go to england. King Henry VIII(who finally got rid of his wife 'cuz the pope would NOT grant him an annulment) formed his own church. The CHURCH OF ENGLAND. It was BASICALLY the same as catholicism W/out a the Pope. Guess who will be the head of the Church of England?>____ Remember, calvinists hate the idea of catholicism and since the church of england is basically Catholicism w the King of England at the head, England Calvinists will seek t "PURIFY" it of ALL elements of Catholicism. They'll be called PURITANS and face all kinds of persecution. Ultimately, they'll head to the colonies.